Redox condition during Ediacaran–Cambrian transition in the Lower Yangtze deep water basin,South China: constraints from iron speciation and δ~(13) Corg in the Diben section,Zhejiang

Cherts of the Piyuancun Formation and black mudstones of the Hetang Formation in Diben Town, Kaihua County, Zhejiang were deposited in a deep water basin of the Lower Yangtze area during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition(E–C transition), offering an opportunity to reconstruct the ancient redox condition of the deep water basin. Total 53 samples were collected and analyzed for iron speciation, including pyrite iron(FePy), carbonate associated iron(FeCarb), iron oxide and hydroxide(FeOx),magnetite iron(FeMag) and total iron(FeT) as well as d13 Corgto gain a deeper understanding of specific redox condition during the period. The results show that(1) most samples have pyrite concentration \1 %, with the FePy/FeHR ratio ranging from \0.01 to 0.81(mostly \0.5), and the FeHR/FeT ratio between 0.39 and 0.93(mostly [0.5).(2) The E–C boundary in the Diben section occurred at the maximum negative excursion of organic carbon isotope within the Piyuancun Formation, which can be correlated with other sections by using d13 Corg. We thus concluded that the relatively high content of highly reactive iron and low content of pyrite iron in the Diben section indicate a minor occurrence of H2 S and a predominance of anoxic and ferruginous environment, which is similar to other reported sections such as the Longbizui and Yanwutan sections, western Hunan. In addition, oxygen concentration in sea water showed an increasing trend in the interval corresponding to the bottom and upper layer of the Hetang Formation as indicated by the FeHR/FeT ratio, which decreased from 0.7 to 0.38, however, it was not great enough to oxidize the whole deep water. Therefore, during the E–C transition deep water basin in South China was most likely an anoxic and ferruginous enrironment, which prevented metazoon from the evolution in the deep water basin. Our work offers an important reference to better understanding of the spatiotemporal occurrence and dynamic processes of the ‘‘Cambrian Explosion'.     

Observation of directional change of core field inside flux ropes within one reconnection diffusion region in the Earth’s magnetotail

Two consecutive magnetic flux ropes, separated by less than 30 s （△t 〈 30 s）, are observed within one magnetic reconnection diffusion region without strong guide field in the Earth＇s magnetotail by Cluster multispacecraft. The flux ropes are characterized by bipolar signatures of the south-north magnetic field component Bz accompanied with strong core magnetic field By, intense current J and density depletions inside of them. In spite of the small but non-trivial global scale negative guide field （-By）, there exists a directional change of the core fields of two flux ropes, i.e., -By for the first one, and ＋By for the second one. The directions of the core fields are the same as the ambient cross-tail magnetic field component （By） just outside of flux ropes. Therefore, we suggest that the core field of flux ropes is formed by compression of the local preexisting By and that the directional change of core field is due to the change of local preexisting By. Such a change in ambient By might be caused by some microscale physics.     

On design of physical random access channel in high-speed railway LTE systems

For the uplink in the long-term evolution （LTE） systems, the physical random access channel （PRACH） adopts Zadoff-Chu （ZC） sequences as preamble sequences, and each user can choose a unique cyclic shift for user identification. In high-mobility scenario, the Doppler fre- quency shift raises up the false alarm probability by inducing the correlation peak offsetting at the receiver side. Traditional detection method utilizes multiple search win- dows for searching the potential uplink users. When the Doppler frequency shift is larger than the subcarrier spac- ing, the energy of correlation peak leaks outside the search window and increases the false alarm probability. In this paper, we present a novel design for PRACH preamble sequence for high-speed railway scenario. Through numerical observation, we find out that the offset of the correlation peaks only depends on the initial root sequence number and the length of ZC sequences. Therefore, the root number of ZC sequences should be carefully designed to generate a preamble sequence to fight against the Doppler frequency shift. Consequently, those offsets of the corre- lation peaks are concentrated within a single search win- dow, resulting in lower complexity of detection and lower probability of false alarm for random access in LTE uplink.     

酒石酸亚铁法测定黄瓜中多酚含量

采用浸取法以乙醇为提取剂从黄瓜中提取多酚类物质,利用酒石酸亚铁对多酚的显色反应表征提取物中抗氧化物质的含量,通过正交试验对黄瓜中多酚的提取条件进行优化.结果表明:黄瓜中多酚的最佳提取条件为95%乙醇作溶剂,提取温度50℃,提取时间为90 min,所得黄瓜中多酚类化合物的提取量为15.29mg/g.     

一个前向安全盲签名方案的分析与改进

对何俊杰等人提出的基于二次剩余的前向安全盲签名方案进行安全性分析,指出方案不满足前向安全性,并提出了一种改进方案.分析结果表明,在二次剩余的平方根计算和2l次根计算困难的假设下,改进方案具有前向安全性;其不可伪造性则依赖于离散对数难题和二次剩余的2l次根计算难题.     

基于DEA模型的中国石油企业科技效率研究

运用DEA投入导向模型,根据2000—2011年公开数据,选取科研与开发投入占总销售收入的比例、总资产、总资产周转率和资产负债率作为投入指标,选取油气探明储量、净资产收益率、净利润和总收入作为产出指标,以中石油、中石化以及中海油三大巨头为例,对我国石油企业的科技效率水平进行综合评价,并提出了提高我国石油企业科技效率的建议.     

大学生创业教育体系的构建策略

大学生创业能够缓解我国目前日益严峻的就业形势,是我国创建创新型国家的途径之一.大学生创业面临诸多风险,大学生创业需要具备一定的创业能力.开设诸如培养企业家精神课程、综合管理类课程、创业政策教育类课程、体验类素质拓展课程、创业实践教育类课程及构建创业辅助教育体系是构建大学生创业教育体系的策略.     

考虑薄膜效应的钢筋混凝土双向板承载力分析

为了简单地确定钢筋混凝土双向板荷载-位移关系曲线,基于塑性铰线理论,考虑受拉薄膜效应,提出三阶段分析模式,建立修正板块平衡法;同时,根据面向对象方法和板壳有限元理论,建立钢筋混凝土双向板非线性分析程序;采用上述两方法计算双向板荷载-位移关系曲线及极限荷载,并结合有限元程序,验证修正板块平衡法合理性.结果表明:与有限元方法相比,修正板块平衡法原理简单、精度满足要求,可用于确定混凝土双向板的荷载-位移关系及极限荷载.     

素Γ-环理想上的强保交换导子

利用素Γ-环的性质讨论当素Γ-环的导子在一个非零理想上强保交换时素Γ-环的交换性,证明了:若导子d在素Γ-环R的非零理想I上强保交换,且d(I)I,则R是交换的.     

重庆市渝中区养老院老年人营养状况与影响因素调查研究

通过调查了解重庆市渝中区养老院老年人营养状况,及导致其营养不良的影响因素,为进一步改善老年人的营养状况提供依据。方法采用简易营养评价精法(MNA-SF)量表,对重庆市渝中区2所养老院118名老年人进行营养状况调查。调查结果显示老年人营养不良发生率为33.9%,不同类别老年人中,具有疾病者营养不良发生率为41.6%,无疾病者营养不良发生率为19.5%,前者营养不良发生率显著高于后者(P0.05)。可见目前重庆市渝中区养老院老年人的营养状况不够理想,养老院应加强对老年人营养状况的管理,提高老年人营养知识水平,进一步改善养老院老年人的营养状况。